Jalal Rafi, Ph.D., P.Eng. (SK, BC), has 14 years of experience and specializes in grouting of rock masses. With a background in Civil Engineering, Jalal started his professional career in metro tunnelling projects in Tehran. After 5 years of quality control and project management of underground works, he pursued a master’s degree at KTH university in Stockholm, Sweden with a focus on soil and rock mechanics. Jalal went on to obtain a doctorate degree, specializing in research related to permeation grouting of rock tunnels and dam foundations. During this time, he developed an application for a theoretical grouting approach and published several papers demonstrating this approach. Jalal has since gained extensive practical experience in various aspects of engineering design, research, and project management. He has experience working on projects in the Middle East, Europe, and North America in a variety of geological settings and working cultures. Jalal joined BGC as a grouting specialist and has successfully installed a grout curtain for a ring dyke at the Diavik Diamond mine. He is also currently involved in the design of a complex grout curtain for a tailings storage facility in the Dominican Republic. Jalal has carried out complex stability analyses and designed the rock support for several tunneling, open pit mine and tailings dam projects, using 2D and 3D soil and rock mechanics software.